Uganda has good passable roads, with road-signs and traffic guides. Roads run through out the country to all major towns and districts. Driving in Uganda is done on the left hand side. Car Hire services in Uganda are wide spread with several companies performing car hiring services.However,care must be taken as from which company you intend to hire the car as most companies are briefcase with no physical address and it can be risky as if you get a problem on the way you may never get a rescue.
Cars include: Saloon cars which include Corona, Corolla and Caldina, 4×4 Station Wagons which include Land cruisers and Pajeros, 4×4 Omni buses which include 7 seater, 10 seater and 12 seater, Costa buses (25 and 28 seater) as well as coach buses(50 up to 60 seater)
Drivers can be provided on request from Car Hire companies, “Special Hire” taxis are available in all parts of the city and self drive services are also available.
Fuel is expensive in Uganda, the equivalent of about 1.30$ per litre. Speed limit on an open road is 100km/h and 65km/hr in built up areas.
SELF-DRIVE:
Foreigners must have Full Comprehensive Insurance and an International Driving License in order to be allowed to drive. The driver must be 23 years old and a holder of a valid Full driving license for a period of more than 2 years.
Valid road licenses can be received from the Road Transport Office/revenue Authority offices in Kampala. This can be received before hiring a car in Uganda for self drive.
SAFETY DRIVING MEASURES:
in order to avoid problems while traveling in Uganda, take note of the following:
- It’s a good idea to have a fire-extinguisher on board.
- Stop well ahead of Bush fires.
- Do not travel without a first Aid Kit, Oil enough to refill the sump, spare petrol to last for not less than 300km and water of drinkable quality and for refilling the engines cooling system if it bursts.
- Most comfortable driving speed is about 60km/hr.
- Avoid patches of grass or savanna for parking during the dry season since there is a risk that hot engine parts might spark off a fire.
DOCUMENTATION REQUIRED:
Note that while driving in Uganda, the following documentation required:
- Vehicle registration book
- Vehicle certificate of insurance (Heavy fines are imposed for driving an uninsured vehicle)
- Vehicle license (ensure that it’s a recent one)
- An International or Domestic driver’s license.
Please note that unsurfaced roads tend to be variable from one season to the next, which are more trick during the Rainy season, and the use of a 4 x 4 wheel drive is best.
Road Conditions
Uganda is a land of breathtaking landscapes, from lush green hills and vast savannahs to dense forests and serene lakes. Road conditions in Uganda vary significantly between rural and urban areas, which is important to consider if you are planning a self-driving trip. In urban areas like Kampala, roads are generally well-maintained but can be congested and chaotic due to heavy traffic and informal road use. In contrast, rural areas tend to have less developed infrastructure, with many roads being unpaved, rocky, or in poor condition, especially in remote areas or during the rainy season. This below explains what to expect when self-driving in Uganda’s urban and rural areas, with practical tips to help you navigate safely.
Overview of Road Infrastructure in Uganda
Uganda’s road network is made up of paved highways, gravel roads, and dirt tracks. The major highways connecting big cities and towns are generally in good condition, but many rural roads are rough and challenging. Traffic rules exist, but enforcement can be inconsistent, and driving styles may differ from what you are used to. Uganda drives on the left side of the road, a practice inherited from its colonial past. The driving experience can be thrilling but requires caution and adaptability.
Road Conditions in Urban Areas
- Urban areas like Kampala, Entebbe, Jinja, and Mbarara are hubs of activity. Here’s what you need to know about driving in these cities:
Paved Roads
- Main roads in cities are usually tarmacked and in decent condition. For instance, Entebbe Road (linking Kampala to Entebbe Airport) is a well-maintained dual carriageway.
- Despite this, potholes can appear unexpectedly, especially on older roads or less-maintained sections.
Traffic Congestion
- Kampala is notorious for heavy traffic jams, particularly during rush hours (7–9 AM and 5–8 PM).
- The congestion is worsened by narrow roads, limited traffic lights, and frequent stops by public transport vehicles like minibuses (locally known as “taxis”) and boda-bodas (motorcycle taxis).
- Boda-bodas are everywhere in urban areas. They zip between cars, often disregarding traffic rules, so watch out for sudden movements.
Navigation Challenges
- While main roads are signposted, smaller roads might lack clear signage.
- Google Maps and navigation apps can help, but they’re not always reliable in complex urban layouts. It’s a good idea to ask locals for directions if you’re unsure.
Driving Style
- Ugandan drivers can be aggressive. Expect frequent overtaking, sudden stops, and vehicles squeezing into tight spaces.
- Defensive driving is essential in urban areas. Always anticipate the unexpected.
Parking
- Parking can be tricky in cities like Kampala. Many areas lack designated parking spaces, so cars often park along roadsides.
- Paid parking lots are available in shopping centers, and street parking attendants may charge a small fee.
Driving at Night
- Street lighting is limited in many parts of urban areas, making night driving challenging. Some drivers use high beams, causing glare for oncoming traffic.
- Be extra cautious when driving at night to avoid accidents or hitting pedestrians.
Road Conditions in Rural Areas
- Uganda’s rural areas are where you’ll find incredible natural beauty, including national parks, mountains, and cultural heritage sites. However, driving conditions are tougher than in cities.
Gravel and Dirt Roads
- Most rural roads are unpaved, especially those leading to remote areas. Examples include roads to Bwindi Impenetrable National Park and Murchison Falls.
- During the dry season, these roads can be dusty and bumpy. In the rainy season, they become muddy and slippery, requiring a 4×4 vehicle for safe travel.
Potholes
- Potholes are common on rural roads, and some roads have surfaces ridges formed by vehicle tires which make for an uncomfortable drive.
- Driving slowly and carefully helps minimize damage to your car and ensures safety.
Seasonal Challenges
- Uganda experiences two rainy seasons (March–May and October–November). Heavy rains can flood dirt roads, wash away bridges, and make some routes impassable.
- Plan your trips during the dry season for easier navigation, especially in rural areas.
Wildlife and Livestock
- Rural roads often have animals like goats, cows, and chickens wandering across them. In areas near national parks, you might even see wildlife crossing the road.
- Drive slowly and remain alert to avoid accidents.
Limited Infrastructure
- Gas stations and repair shops are sparse in rural areas. Always fill your tank in towns before heading into the countryside and carry spare tires, a jack, and basic tools.
- Mobile network coverage can also be poor in some remote areas, so have offline maps or a physical map as backup.
Water Crossings and Bridges
- In some rural areas, you might encounter water crossings or narrow bridges. Some bridges are poorly maintained, and others might be missing railings.
- Check local advice or follow other vehicles to assess whether it’s safe to cross.
Roadside Assistance
- Don’t expect immediate help if your car breaks down. Local mechanics are available in villages, but their expertise may be limited. It’s wise to have basic knowledge of car repairs or travel with a guide.